The Gospel - Luke 18:9-14
Jesus told this parable to some who trusted in
themselves that they were righteous and regarded others with contempt:
"Two men went up to the temple to pray, one a Pharisee and the other a
tax collector. The Pharisee, standing by himself, was praying thus,
`God, I thank you that I am not like other people: thieves, rogues,
adulterers, or even like this tax collector. I fast twice a week; I
give a tenth of all my income.'
But the tax collector, standing far
off, would not even look up to heaven, but was beating his breast and
saying, `God, be merciful to me, a sinner!' I tell you, this man went
down to his home justified rather than the other; for all who exalt
themselves will be humbled, but all who humble themselves will be
exalted."
Homily by the Reverend John S. Ruef
The Pharisee and the Sinner
I will bet you that the average rector is delighted to hear
one of the parishioners say that he tithes. And don't we wish we had more like
him! Of course we would be remiss if we did not point out that, according
to Luke, the parishioner, like the Pharisee in our story, was boastful and one should not be like that. Ok so far.
But what about the business of "despising others,"
in this case, the tax collector?
We don't know how much he gave. All we know is that he
identified himself as a "sinner." Tax collectors were assumed to
be sinners because of their occupation. In the eyes of conservative Jews
such as this Pharisee, it was not possible for this tax collector or any
tax collector to adhere to the Jewish tradition the way they did, so they
were lumped together with extortionists, the unjust, and adulterers.
Luke tells us what he thinks this parable is about: being in
a right relationship with God, i.e. "justified." In Luke's eyes,
the tax collector was better off, i.e. "justified," rather than
the Pharisee.
Could the parable, apart from Luke's interpretation, be
construed any other way? What was the tax collector's problem? Did he think of himself as a
"sinner" in our sense of the word? Or did sinner simply mean outcast?
And if so do we have here another instance of Jesus' sense of humor? Would
our morals be offended if we thought that the tax collector laughed all
the way home?